diff --git a/docs/adr/0001-native-question-authoring-authority.md b/docs/adr/0001-native-question-authoring-authority.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..323300ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/adr/0001-native-question-authoring-authority.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Native question authoring follows the active catalog authority
+
+Education exposes local question authoring only when `catalog-mode=JAVA_READ`; `SCALAR_READ` and other modes fail with an explicit business error before any database access. Tenant questions start as `DRAFT`, retain immutable content versions, move only through `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`, and append an Education-owned lifecycle audit in the same transaction, because a local write under Scalar authority would be invisible to students and the platform's asynchronous operation log cannot prove atomic publication.
+
+`ARCHIVED` is terminal for the current command surface, and `RETIRED` is not introduced until its distinct business and restoration semantics are decided. Direct question visibility follows the question's own publication state; entry, node, and collection state gates discovery through those routes rather than rewriting the question lifecycle.
diff --git a/docs/education/migration/07-decisions.md b/docs/education/migration/07-decisions.md
index d0b7bd71..3e610e29 100644
--- a/docs/education/migration/07-decisions.md
+++ b/docs/education/migration/07-decisions.md
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The durable artifact classification, adoption matrix, version allocation, backfi
 3. V4030 owns the final Practice core-loop schema, including sessions/questions, reports/details, wrong questions, favorites, and unified `education_idempotency`. Fresh schema does not create legacy answer/submit idempotency tables.
 4. Existing manually bootstrapped databases require explicit schema comparison and adoption. A verified V4020-equivalent catalog may use an environment-specific 4020 baseline; incompatible environments require a higher-version correction, never falsified history.
 5. Legacy idempotency data is backfilled into the unified table before any later forward cleanup. Legacy tables are preserved during initial adoption.
-6. The Education capability menu seed is a separate conditional V4040 owner only if the administrator endpoint remains approved; role assignment is not seeded.
+6. The earlier V4040 capability-seed plan was superseded after V4040 was allocated to the submit-claim lease. V4080 conditionally seeds the approved capability plus question author/publish/archive permissions when `system_menu` exists; role assignment is not seeded.
 7. Docker/manual SQL initialization and MySQL rollback runbooks must be removed from active operations when EDU-006 lands. EDU-016's temporary test bridge becomes Flyway-driven after equivalence is proven.
 8. The inspected local disposable `postgresdb` had no Flyway history and no Education tables. EDU-005 ran no migration and makes no migration-success claim.
 
@@ -102,6 +102,34 @@ The durable artifact classification, adoption matrix, version allocation, backfi
 
 **Evidence:** Schema graph analysis of V4020 (11 catalog tables, all single-column FKs, no composite tenant enforcement), legacy RLS/trigger audit (Supabase RLS + staged composite FK migration), current CHECK constraints provide row-level but not cross-row enforcement.
 
+### Native question authoring authority and lifecycle (resolved 2026-07-30)
+
+**Decision:** Local tenant question authoring is available only under explicit `JAVA_READ` authority and fails before persistence access in `SCALAR_READ`. New questions are `DRAFT`; the current command surface permits only `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`, with no restore or retire command.
+
+**Rules:**
+1. Create, publish, and archive are explicit commands with separate System RBAC permissions; clients cannot submit tenant, scope, lifecycle, or actor fields.
+2. Tenant authoring always creates `TENANT_OWNED` content for the current framework tenant. PUBLIC/platform-curator authoring is not part of this slice.
+3. Question Content Versions are immutable. Publication changes lifecycle state for the current version and never changes `tenant_id`, `scope`, or content version.
+4. Education appends a lifecycle audit in the same transaction as each state transition. The asynchronous platform operation log remains supplementary, not proof of atomic publication.
+5. Direct question visibility follows the question's Publication State. Entry, node, and collection availability gates their own discovery routes and does not mutate the question lifecycle or historical practice snapshots.
+6. Historical `HIDDEN`, `INACTIVE`, and `PUBLISHED/is_published=false` rows map to `ARCHIVED`; historical `DRAFT` rows become non-published; only consistent published rows remain `PUBLISHED`.
+7. V4080 adds Question Version → Question as the twentieth guarded catalog edge. A version must have exactly the same tenant and scope as its question, and the version table becomes the twelfth catalog table whose ownership cannot change after insert.
+
+**Permission and data-scope matrix:**
+
+| Actor capability | Permission | Allowed rows | Data scope |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Author | `education:question:author` | Create current-tenant `TENANT_OWNED` drafts | Current tenant; no request-supplied owner or tenant |
+| Publisher | `education:question:publish` | Current-tenant `TENANT_OWNED` drafts | Tenant-wide shared catalog asset; department/self DataPermission does not expand access |
+| Archiver | `education:question:archive` | Current-tenant `TENANT_OWNED` published questions | Tenant-wide shared catalog asset; department/self DataPermission does not expand access |
+| Platform curator | none in this slice | No PUBLIC or tenant-owned writes through these endpoints | Fail closed |
+
+V4080 conditionally seeds the four Education permissions (`education:capability` plus author/publish/archive) when the adopted platform schema contains `system_menu`. It fails when a fixed ID is already occupied by a different permission and deliberately does not assign the permissions to any role.
+
+**Rationale:** A successful PostgreSQL write while Scalar remains authoritative would be student-invisible. Department/self DataPermission has no truthful meaning for tenant-wide shared catalog rows without a separate ownership model, so action permissions plus framework tenant isolation are explicit rather than applying a misleading annotation.
+
+**ADR:** `docs/adr/0001-native-question-authoring-authority.md`.
+
 ## Unresolved decisions
 
 1. The valid option schema for each question type, including whether absent options are legal; whether malformed published content is omitted or produces a controlled source failure.
diff --git a/docs/education/migration/issues/EDU-010-content-publication.md b/docs/education/migration/issues/EDU-010-content-publication.md
index b83d839e..875c6d4c 100644
--- a/docs/education/migration/issues/EDU-010-content-publication.md
+++ b/docs/education/migration/issues/EDU-010-content-publication.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # EDU-010 — Tenant content publication and graph integrity
 
-- **Status:** in progress — catalog graph-integrity slice delivered; authoring/publication lifecycle remains
+- **Status:** in progress — catalog graph-integrity and the verified JAVA_READ tenant-question lifecycle slice are delivered; broader classification/collection authoring remains
 - **Type:** implementation program
 - **Phase:** 3
 - **Blockers:** EDU-004 ✓ (done), EDU-009 ✓ (done), provider-authority decision ✓ (resolved 2026-07-30, see decisions.md), PUBLIC graph-semantics decision ✓ (resolved 2026-07-30, see decisions.md)
@@ -20,11 +20,12 @@ Authorized tenant administrators can author, classify, publish, archive, and ret
 
 ## Acceptance criteria
 
-- [ ] Admin permission and data-scope matrix is explicit.
+- [x] Admin permission and data-scope matrix is explicit.
 - [x] Cross-tenant graph relationships cannot be persisted in the current V4020 catalog graph.
 - [x] PUBLIC and tenant-owned reference rules are enforced across the current 19 reference edges, with exact trigger-mapping and focused behavior tests.
-- [ ] Unpublished/archived content is never student-visible.
-- [ ] Publication is transactional and auditable.
+- [x] V4080 extends the graph guard to the new Question Version → Question edge and makes the version table the twelfth ownership-protected catalog table.
+- [x] Unpublished/archived content is never student-visible.
+- [x] Publication is transactional and auditable.
 - [x] Database graph-integrity changes use `flyway-postgresql` and forward migration V4070.
 
 ## Delivery progress — graph-integrity slice (2026-07-30)
@@ -41,16 +42,45 @@ Delivered:
 
 No non-Education module changed. Application rollback can disable native authoring when it is introduced; database recovery remains a higher forward migration and must preserve existing content.
 
-## Remaining publication slice
+## Publication-slice constraints (resolved)
 
-Do not add a local-only admin write path while `SCALAR_READ` remains the default authoritative provider: a successful PostgreSQL write would not be visible to students. The next bounded slice is a `JAVA_READ`-only tenant question `draft → publish → archive → student read` path that fails closed in unsupported provider modes.
+Do not add a local-only admin write path while `SCALAR_READ` remains the default authoritative provider: a successful PostgreSQL write would not be visible to students. The implemented bounded slice is a `JAVA_READ`-only tenant question `draft → publish → archive → student read` path that fails closed in unsupported provider modes.
 
-Before its Flyway/application implementation, resolve and document:
+The slice resolves the prerequisite decisions as follows:
 
-1. the exact `DRAFT/PUBLISHED/ARCHIVED/RETIRED` state machine and mapping of V4020 `HIDDEN/INACTIVE` rows;
-2. immutable question-version and transactional publication-audit ownership;
-3. whether ancestor entry/node/collection/archive state makes a question unavailable to fresh student reads;
-4. the explicit tenant-admin versus platform-curator permission/data-scope matrix.
+1. the command surface is `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`; `RETIRED` remains undefined, and V4020 `HIDDEN/INACTIVE` rows map to `ARCHIVED`;
+2. Education owns immutable question versions and transactional lifecycle audit;
+3. a question's state controls direct visibility while entry/node/collection availability gates only route-specific discovery;
+4. tenant admin action permissions are separate, tenant-wide, and tenant-bound; platform-curator/PUBLIC writes fail closed in this slice.
+
+## Delivery progress — JAVA_READ tenant-question lifecycle slice (2026-07-30)
+
+Delivered:
+
+- Explicit Admin APIs and independent RBAC permissions for tenant question author, publish, and archive operations. Requests cannot choose tenant, scope, lifecycle, or actor identity:
+  - `POST /admin-api/education/questions/drafts` — `education:question:author`;
+  - `PUT /admin-api/education/questions/{id}/publish` — `education:question:publish`;
+  - `PUT /admin-api/education/questions/{id}/archive` — `education:question:archive`.
+- Provider-authority guard: authoring is accepted only for `JAVA_READ`; `SCALAR_READ` fails before any Mapper access.
+- V4080 changes native defaults to `DRAFT/false`, normalizes legacy visibility states, fails closed on unsafe historical published content, constrains the single direction `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`, creates immutable Question Content Versions, and creates append-only lifecycle audit facts.
+- V4080 adds the Question Version → Question reference as the twentieth guarded catalog edge. In addition to the generic scope rule, a version's tenant and scope must exactly equal its question's ownership; the version table is the twelfth catalog table protected against ownership mutation.
+- When the adopted platform schema contains `system_menu`, V4080 conditionally seeds the Education capability plus author/publish/archive permissions. A fixed ID already occupied by a different permission aborts migration, and no role assignment is seeded.
+- Publication and archive use tenant/scope/expected-state CAS updates and append audit facts in the same transaction. Audit failure rolls back the state change.
+- PostgreSQL integration-test coverage exercises the student read-after-write seam: draft is invisible, published content is returned only through the existing Safe Question projection, and archived content is invisible while stored snapshots remain independent.
+- Direct question visibility is controlled by the question lifecycle. Container availability is a route-level discovery gate; classification, collection, and platform-curator write paths remain outside this bounded slice.
+
+Permission and data-scope matrix is recorded in `07-decisions.md`. The three lifecycle endpoints manage tenant-wide shared catalog assets within the current framework tenant; department/self DataPermission does not grant additional row access, PUBLIC authoring fails closed, and the V4080 seed intentionally grants no role.
+
+The listed acceptance criteria are satisfied for the native catalog graph and tenant-question lifecycle slice. EDU-010 remains in progress because its tenant-admin outcome also includes classification, collection, blueprint, retire, and platform-curator workflows that are not part of this bounded slice.
+
+## Verification evidence (2026-07-30)
+
+- `mvn -pl yudao-module-education test` with the five `EDU_TEST_POSTGRES_*` variables pointed at the local Docker PostgreSQL: **485 tests passed**, including 18 Flyway migration tests and five lifecycle PostgreSQL integration tests. V4080 was actually executed in disposable PostgreSQL schemas.
+- The lifecycle integration tests prove concurrent double-publish has one success and one lifecycle conflict with exactly one publish audit, cross-tenant and PUBLIC management fail closed, and `draft → publish → archive` matches student visibility.
+- The real Spring Method Security contract tests prove each of author/publish/archive requires its own permission and rejected calls do not reach the lifecycle service.
+- `mvn -pl yudao-server -am -DskipTests clean compile`: **22 reactor modules passed**.
+- `git diff --check`: passed.
+- `target/classes/db/migration/education/V4080__add_question_publication_lifecycle.sql`: present after the module build.
 
 ## Risk and rollback
 
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/CONTEXT.md b/yudao-module-education/CONTEXT.md
index 59b452a2..ffa88b7c 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/CONTEXT.md
+++ b/yudao-module-education/CONTEXT.md
@@ -32,6 +32,34 @@ _Avoid_: Answer, choice answer
 The immutable, student-visible Question Content captured when a practice session is created so that later content edits do not change that session. It excludes answers and explanations; protected scoring data is not part of this projection even when stored beside it.
 _Avoid_: Question cache
 
+**Question Content Version**:
+An immutable revision of Question Content identified by its question and positive version number. Publication selects lifecycle state for the current version; it does not rewrite an existing version or change content ownership.
+_Avoid_: Editable version row, question backup
+
+**Publication State**:
+The server-controlled lifecycle of tenant Question Content: `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`. The current command surface has no reverse transition, and `RETIRED` is not yet a defined state.
+_Avoid_: Arbitrary status field, published boolean as an independent state
+
+**Draft Question Content**:
+Tenant-owned Question Content that may still be completed by an author and is never available to fresh student reads.
+_Avoid_: Unpublished live question
+
+**Published Question Content**:
+Question Content whose current immutable version passed publication safety checks and may be returned as a Safe Question to fresh student reads.
+_Avoid_: Public content (publication does not mean `scope=PUBLIC`)
+
+**Archived Question Content**:
+Previously Published Question Content withdrawn from fresh student reads without changing ownership or previously captured Question Snapshots. It is terminal in the current command surface.
+_Avoid_: Deleted question, retired question
+
+**Content Write Authority**:
+The catalog source allowed to accept authoring commands and produce student-visible read-after-write behavior. Native PostgreSQL authoring is authoritative only in `JAVA_READ`; other provider modes fail before persistence access.
+_Avoid_: Read provider switch as implicit write permission
+
+**Question Lifecycle Audit**:
+An append-only Education domain fact recording actor, content version, and a valid Publication State transition in the same transaction as that transition.
+_Avoid_: Asynchronous operation log as publication proof
+
 **Protected Answer Key**:
 Server-only correctness and explanation data captured for stable scoring of a practice session. It is never included in a Safe Question, Question Snapshot JSON, or pre-submit response.
 _Avoid_: Question Snapshot, frontend answer
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/README.md b/yudao-module-education/README.md
index 6bb7e852..ee3bbe70 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/README.md
+++ b/yudao-module-education/README.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ## 当前状态
 
-此模块提供教育业务功能骨架、题库目录浏览 tracer bullet，以及题目预览与练习配置预览。
+此模块提供教育业务功能骨架、题库目录浏览、题目预览与练习闭环，以及 `JAVA_READ` 下的租户题目草稿、发布和归档 tracer bullet。
 
 **已实现**：
 - 模块骨架与包结构
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 - 练习配置预览端点 (见下方 Practice API) — 学生端已认证
 - 答案保存端点 (见下方 Answer API) — 幂等保存，安全重试
 - 题目安全过滤（答案/解析绝不暴露到前端）
+- 管理端题目创作、发布和归档端点 — 仅在 `JAVA_READ` 下接受写入
 - 独立的功能开关配置 + Scalar 数据源配置
 - 错误码常量（通用 + 租户 + Catalog/Scalar + 题目/练习）
-- 权限注解（`education:capability`）；菜单种子尚未纳入正式 Flyway，管理员授权需在后续产品决策后交付
+- System RBAC 权限注解及 V4080 条件种子（`education:capability`、`education:question:author`、`education:question:publish`、`education:question:archive`）；迁移不自动向任何角色授权
 
 ## 功能配置
 
@@ -34,9 +35,12 @@ yudao:
     practice-write-enabled: true
     # Pilot 灰度租户；空列表表示不限制，生产 Pilot 应显式配置目标租户 ID
     pilot-tenant-ids: [1024]
+    # SCALAR_READ 是默认读取权威；只有 JAVA_READ 允许本地题目创作
     catalog-mode: SCALAR_READ
 ```
 
+`catalog-mode=SCALAR_READ` 时管理端题目写命令会在访问 Mapper 前失败关闭；要使用下述创作 API，必须显式配置 `catalog-mode=JAVA_READ`，确保写入 PostgreSQL 的题目也是学生读取的数据源。
+
 灰度与回滚约束：
 
 - `enabled=false`：移除 Education HTTP 能力，不执行任何数据删除。
@@ -69,6 +73,42 @@ GET /admin-api/education/capability
 }
 ```
 
+### 管理后台 - 题目创作与发布
+
+这些端点只管理当前框架租户的 `TENANT_OWNED` 题目，不提供 PUBLIC/platform-curator 写入口。客户端不能提交 `tenantId`、`scope`、生命周期状态或 actor；新题固定以 `DRAFT/false` 创建，并且只允许 `DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED`。
+
+| 端点 | 权限 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `POST /admin-api/education/questions/drafts` | `education:question:author` | 创建当前租户草稿，返回题目 ID |
+| `PUT /admin-api/education/questions/{id}/publish` | `education:question:publish` | 发布当前租户草稿 |
+| `PUT /admin-api/education/questions/{id}/archive` | `education:question:archive` | 归档当前租户已发布题目 |
+
+创建草稿请求示例：
+
+```json
+{
+  "stem": "2 + 2 = ?",
+  "type": "choice",
+  "difficulty": "easy",
+  "options": [
+    {"label": "A", "content": "4", "order": 1.0},
+    {"label": "B", "content": "5", "order": 2.0}
+  ],
+  "correctAnswer": "A",
+  "explanation": "基础加法",
+  "analysis": null
+}
+```
+
+`correctAnswer`、`explanation` 和 `analysis` 是服务端受保护内容；学生端仍只返回下文列出的安全题目投影。发布和归档采用 tenant/scope/expected-state CAS，并在同一事务追加生命周期审计。`SCALAR_READ` 或其他不支持的 provider mode 返回 `1_005_003_070`，不会查询或修改题目。
+
+| 错误码 | 说明 |
+|--------|------|
+| `1_005_003_070` | 当前 provider mode 不支持本地题目创作 |
+| `1_005_003_071` | 题目不存在或无权管理 |
+| `1_005_003_072` | 状态已变化或生命周期转换非法 |
+| `1_005_003_073` | 题目内容不完整或不安全，不能发布 |
+
 ### 用户 APP - 教育租户识别
 
 ```
@@ -180,6 +220,8 @@ yudao-module-education/src/main/resources/db/migration/education/
 - `V4010` 和 `V4020` 是不可变迁移历史，不得修改。
 - `V4030` 创建或接管 Practice 核心闭环表，并在存在旧答案/交卷幂等表时向统一 `education_idempotency` 回填数据。
 - `V4070` 对 19 条目录引用边执行历史预校验并安装写入守卫，同时将 11 张目录表的 `tenant_id/scope` 设为插入后不可变，阻止 PUBLIC→租户、跨租户以及父节点归属变更造成的非法关系。
+- `V4080` 增加第 20 条目录引用边 `education_question_version.question_id → education_question.id`，并为版本表增加第 12 个 ownership/scope 守卫；版本归属必须与题目完全一致。该迁移还建立 draft-first 生命周期、不可变题目版本、同事务追加式审计及历史已发布内容的 fail-closed 预检。
+- V4080 在平台 `system_menu` 已存在时条件写入 Education 权限种子；固定 ID 已被不同 permission 占用时迁移失败，且迁移不会向角色写入授权关系。
 - 旧 `education_answer_idempotency`、`education_submit_idempotency` 在首次接管时保留，后续清理必须使用更高版本的独立向前 migration。
 - `sql/postgresql/education/` 是手工初始化/设计历史，`sql/mysql/education/` 是过时归档；两者都不是运行时交付入口。
 - 禁止使用 `flyway clean` 或 `*-rollback.sql` 回退共享环境。应用回滚后如有 Schema 兼容问题，通过更高版本向前修复。
@@ -200,7 +242,7 @@ find yudao-module-education/target/classes/db/migration/education -type f -print
 **当前工作区未检出完整的前端源码。** `yudao-ui/yudao-ui-admin-vue3/` 仅包含部分 MES 相关文件（`src/api/mes/`、`src/views/mes/`），缺少 `package.json`、`router/`、`store/`、`config/` 等核心框架文件。
 
 因此：
-- **管理后台教育菜单项**：当前仅保留 `education:capability` 权限契约，正式 Flyway 尚未写入菜单种子；前端无路由/页面组件可渲染，因此不声明已有可见教育菜单。
+- **管理后台教育菜单项**：V4080 已条件写入 Education 权限/菜单记录，但不分配角色；前端仍无路由或页面组件，因此不声明已有可操作的可见教育页面。
 - **Student Web/H5 应用外壳**：前端源码不存在，无法建立。
 
 ### Student 端前端集成契约
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringController.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringController.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b475997
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.admin.question;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.pojo.CommonResult;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.admin.question.vo.QuestionDraftCreateReqVO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring.QuestionDraftCommand;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring.TenantQuestionLifecycleService;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
+import jakarta.validation.Valid;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
+import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.pojo.CommonResult.success;
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.security.core.util.SecurityFrameworkUtils.getLoginUserId;
+
+@Tag(name = "管理后台 - 题目创作与发布")
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/education/questions")
+@Validated
+@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "yudao.education", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
+public class QuestionAuthoringController {
+
+    private final TenantQuestionLifecycleService lifecycleService;
+
+    public QuestionAuthoringController(TenantQuestionLifecycleService lifecycleService) {
+        this.lifecycleService = lifecycleService;
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/drafts")
+    @Operation(summary = "创建租户题目草稿")
+    @PreAuthorize("@ss.hasPermission('education:question:author')")
+    public CommonResult<Long> createDraft(@Valid @RequestBody QuestionDraftCreateReqVO reqVO) {
+        List<QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption> options = reqVO.getOptions().stream()
+                .map(option -> new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption(
+                        option.getLabel(), option.getContent(), option.getOrder()))
+                .toList();
+        QuestionDraftCommand command = new QuestionDraftCommand(
+                reqVO.getStem(), reqVO.getType(), reqVO.getDifficulty(), options,
+                reqVO.getCorrectAnswer(), reqVO.getExplanation(), reqVO.getAnalysis());
+        return success(lifecycleService.createDraft(command));
+    }
+
+    @PutMapping("/{id}/publish")
+    @Operation(summary = "发布租户题目")
+    @PreAuthorize("@ss.hasPermission('education:question:publish')")
+    public CommonResult<Boolean> publish(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
+        lifecycleService.publish(id, getLoginUserId());
+        return success(true);
+    }
+
+    @PutMapping("/{id}/archive")
+    @Operation(summary = "归档租户题目")
+    @PreAuthorize("@ss.hasPermission('education:question:archive')")
+    public CommonResult<Boolean> archive(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
+        lifecycleService.archive(id, getLoginUserId());
+        return success(true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/vo/QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/vo/QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b55e8003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/vo/QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.admin.question.vo;
+
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
+import jakarta.validation.Valid;
+import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
+import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotNull;
+import jakarta.validation.constraints.Size;
+import lombok.Data;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+@Schema(description = "管理后台 - 创建题目草稿 Request VO")
+@Data
+public class QuestionDraftCreateReqVO {
+
+    @Schema(description = "题干", requiredMode = Schema.RequiredMode.REQUIRED)
+    @NotBlank
+    @Size(max = 20000)
+    private String stem;
+
+    @Schema(description = "题型", requiredMode = Schema.RequiredMode.REQUIRED, example = "choice")
+    @NotBlank
+    @Size(max = 32)
+    private String type;
+
+    @Schema(description = "难度", example = "easy")
+    @Size(max = 32)
+    private String difficulty;
+
+    @Schema(description = "学生可见选项；不得包含正确性标记", requiredMode = Schema.RequiredMode.REQUIRED)
+    @NotNull
+    @Valid
+    private List<@NotNull Option> options;
+
+    @Schema(description = "正确答案；仅服务端使用")
+    @Size(max = 500)
+    private String correctAnswer;
+
+    @Schema(description = "答案解析；仅服务端使用")
+    private String explanation;
+
+    @Schema(description = "深度分析；仅服务端使用")
+    private String analysis;
+
+    @Data
+    public static class Option {
+
+        @NotBlank
+        @Size(max = 32)
+        private String label;
+
+        @NotBlank
+        @Size(max = 10000)
+        private String content;
+
+        private Double order;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditDO.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditDO.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c8bdaaba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditDO.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.tenant.core.db.TenantBaseDO;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.KeySequence;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
+import lombok.Data;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+
+/** 题目生命周期追加式领域审计。 */
+@TableName("education_question_lifecycle_audit")
+@KeySequence("education_question_lifecycle_audit_seq")
+@Data
+@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
+public class QuestionLifecycleAuditDO extends TenantBaseDO {
+
+    @TableId
+    private Long id;
+    private Long questionId;
+    private Integer contentVersion;
+    private Long actorId;
+    private String fromStatus;
+    private String toStatus;
+    private LocalDateTime occurredAt;
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionVersionDO.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionVersionDO.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..242ce547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/dataobject/catalog/QuestionVersionDO.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog;
+
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.KeySequence;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
+import lombok.Data;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+
+/** 题目不可变内容版本。 */
+@TableName(value = "education_question_version", autoResultMap = true)
+@KeySequence("education_question_version_seq")
+@Data
+@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
+public class QuestionVersionDO extends CatalogScopeDO {
+
+    @TableId
+    private Long id;
+    private Long questionId;
+    private Integer versionNumber;
+    private String stem;
+    private String type;
+    private String typeLabel;
+    private String difficulty;
+    private String questionContent;
+    private String options;
+    private String correctAnswer;
+    private String explanation;
+    private String analysis;
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3fa819f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.mybatis.core.mapper.BaseMapperX;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditDO;
+import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
+
+@Mapper
+public interface QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper extends BaseMapperX<QuestionLifecycleAuditDO> {
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionMapper.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionMapper.java
index 892dbb5c..5c0c5708 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionMapper.java
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionMapper.java
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.mybatis.core.mapper.BaseMapperX;
 import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.mybatis.core.query.LambdaQueryWrapperX;
 import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionDO;
 import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.IPage;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.LambdaUpdateWrapper;
 import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
 import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
 import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
@@ -72,6 +73,25 @@ public interface QuestionMapper extends BaseMapperX<QuestionDO> {
     default QuestionDO selectPublishedById(Long tenantId, Long id) {
         return selectOne(visible(tenantId).eq(QuestionDO::getId, id));
     }
+
+    default QuestionDO selectTenantOwnedById(Long tenantId, Long id) {
+        return selectOne(new LambdaQueryWrapperX<QuestionDO>()
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getId, id)
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getTenantId, tenantId)
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getScope, "TENANT_OWNED"));
+    }
+
+    default int updateLifecycle(Long tenantId, Long id, String expectedStatus,
+                                String targetStatus, boolean published) {
+        return update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<QuestionDO>()
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getId, id)
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getTenantId, tenantId)
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getScope, "TENANT_OWNED")
+                .eq(QuestionDO::getStatus, expectedStatus)
+                .set(QuestionDO::getStatus, targetStatus)
+                .set(QuestionDO::getIsPublished, published));
+    }
+
     private LambdaQueryWrapperX<QuestionDO> visible(Long tenantId) {
         LambdaQueryWrapperX<QuestionDO> w = new LambdaQueryWrapperX<>();
         CatalogScopeQuery.apply(w, QuestionDO::getTenantId, QuestionDO::getScope, tenantId);
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionVersionMapper.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionVersionMapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70e1ab4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/dal/mysql/catalog/QuestionVersionMapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.mybatis.core.mapper.BaseMapperX;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO;
+import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
+
+@Mapper
+public interface QuestionVersionMapper extends BaseMapperX<QuestionVersionDO> {
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/enums/ErrorCodeConstants.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/enums/ErrorCodeConstants.java
index 4f9d5c2c..1a200277 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/enums/ErrorCodeConstants.java
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/enums/ErrorCodeConstants.java
@@ -97,4 +97,11 @@ public interface ErrorCodeConstants {
     ErrorCode FAVORITE_TARGET_TYPE_INVALID = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_061, "不支持的收藏目标类型：{}");
     ErrorCode FAVORITE_ALREADY_EXISTS = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_062, "已收藏，无需重复操作");
     ErrorCode FAVORITE_NOT_FOUND = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_063, "收藏记录不存在");
+
+    // ========== 题目创作与发布 1-005-003-070 ~ 1-005-003-079 ==========
+    ErrorCode QUESTION_AUTHORING_PROVIDER_UNSUPPORTED = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_070,
+            "当前题库数据源模式不支持本地内容创作：{}");
+    ErrorCode QUESTION_AUTHORING_NOT_FOUND = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_071, "题目不存在或无权管理");
+    ErrorCode QUESTION_LIFECYCLE_CONFLICT = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_072, "题目状态已变化，无法执行 {} 操作");
+    ErrorCode QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE = new ErrorCode(1_005_003_073, "题目内容不完整或不安全，无法发布");
 }
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/QuestionDraftCommand.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/QuestionDraftCommand.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b7e47041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/QuestionDraftCommand.java
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** 创建租户题目草稿的领域命令；归属和状态由服务端决定。 */
+public record QuestionDraftCommand(
+        String stem,
+        String type,
+        String difficulty,
+        List<QuestionDraftOption> options,
+        String correctAnswer,
+        String explanation,
+        String analysis) {
+
+    public record QuestionDraftOption(String label, String content, Double order) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleService.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleService.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb269f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring;
+
+/** 租户自有题目的显式发布生命周期。 */
+public interface TenantQuestionLifecycleService {
+
+    Long createDraft(QuestionDraftCommand command);
+
+    void publish(Long questionId, Long actorId);
+
+    void archive(Long questionId, Long actorId);
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl.java b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d94fd4f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.exception.ServiceException;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.util.json.JsonUtils;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.tenant.core.context.TenantContextHolder;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.config.EducationProperties;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionVersionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.enums.CatalogProviderMode;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.QuestionContentSafety;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.exception.util.ServiceExceptionUtil.exception;
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.enums.ErrorCodeConstants.*;
+
+/**
+ * JAVA_READ 本地题目的创作与发布深模块。
+ *
+ * <p>当前只开放单向 DRAFT → PUBLISHED → ARCHIVED，不提供通用状态更新。</p>
+ */
+@Service
+public class TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl implements TenantQuestionLifecycleService {
+
+    private static final String TENANT_OWNED = "TENANT_OWNED";
+    private static final String DRAFT = "DRAFT";
+    private static final String PUBLISHED = "PUBLISHED";
+    private static final String ARCHIVED = "ARCHIVED";
+
+    private final EducationProperties properties;
+    private final QuestionMapper questionMapper;
+    private final QuestionVersionMapper versionMapper;
+    private final QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper auditMapper;
+
+    public TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl(EducationProperties properties,
+                                              QuestionMapper questionMapper,
+                                              QuestionVersionMapper versionMapper,
+                                              QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper auditMapper) {
+        this.properties = properties;
+        this.questionMapper = questionMapper;
+        this.versionMapper = versionMapper;
+        this.auditMapper = auditMapper;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
+    public Long createDraft(QuestionDraftCommand command) {
+        assertAuthoringMode();
+        Long tenantId = TenantContextHolder.getRequiredTenantId();
+        List<QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption> suppliedOptions = command.options() != null
+                ? command.options() : List.of();
+        List<QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption> options = IntStream.range(0, suppliedOptions.size())
+                .mapToObj(index -> {
+                    QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption option = suppliedOptions.get(index);
+                    return new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption(
+                            option.label(), option.content(),
+                            option.order() != null ? option.order() : index + 1D);
+                })
+                .toList();
+
+        QuestionDO question = new QuestionDO();
+        question.setTenantId(tenantId);
+        question.setScope(TENANT_OWNED);
+        question.setContentVersion(1);
+        question.setStem(command.stem());
+        question.setType(command.type());
+        question.setDifficulty(command.difficulty());
+        question.setOptions(JsonUtils.toJsonString(options));
+        question.setCorrectAnswer(command.correctAnswer());
+        question.setExplanation(command.explanation());
+        question.setAnalysis(command.analysis());
+        question.setStatus(DRAFT);
+        question.setIsPublished(false);
+        question.setSortOrder(0);
+        questionMapper.insert(question);
+
+        QuestionVersionDO version = new QuestionVersionDO();
+        version.setTenantId(tenantId);
+        version.setScope(TENANT_OWNED);
+        version.setQuestionId(question.getId());
+        version.setVersionNumber(1);
+        version.setStem(question.getStem());
+        version.setType(question.getType());
+        version.setDifficulty(question.getDifficulty());
+        version.setOptions(question.getOptions());
+        version.setCorrectAnswer(question.getCorrectAnswer());
+        version.setExplanation(question.getExplanation());
+        version.setAnalysis(question.getAnalysis());
+        versionMapper.insert(version);
+        return question.getId();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
+    public void publish(Long questionId, Long actorId) {
+        transition(questionId, actorId, DRAFT, PUBLISHED, true, "发布");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
+    public void archive(Long questionId, Long actorId) {
+        transition(questionId, actorId, PUBLISHED, ARCHIVED, false, "归档");
+    }
+
+    private void transition(Long questionId, Long actorId, String fromStatus, String toStatus,
+                            boolean published, String operation) {
+        assertAuthoringMode();
+        Long tenantId = TenantContextHolder.getRequiredTenantId();
+        QuestionDO question = questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(tenantId, questionId);
+        if (question == null) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_AUTHORING_NOT_FOUND);
+        }
+        if (!fromStatus.equals(question.getStatus())) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_LIFECYCLE_CONFLICT, operation);
+        }
+        if (PUBLISHED.equals(toStatus)) {
+            validatePublishable(question);
+        }
+        if (questionMapper.updateLifecycle(tenantId, questionId, fromStatus, toStatus, published) != 1) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_LIFECYCLE_CONFLICT, operation);
+        }
+
+        QuestionLifecycleAuditDO audit = new QuestionLifecycleAuditDO();
+        audit.setTenantId(tenantId);
+        audit.setQuestionId(questionId);
+        audit.setContentVersion(question.getContentVersion());
+        audit.setActorId(actorId);
+        audit.setFromStatus(fromStatus);
+        audit.setToStatus(toStatus);
+        audit.setOccurredAt(LocalDateTime.now());
+        auditMapper.insert(audit);
+    }
+
+    private void validatePublishable(QuestionDO question) {
+        if (question.getStem() == null || question.getStem().isBlank()
+                || question.getCorrectAnswer() == null || question.getCorrectAnswer().isBlank()) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE);
+        }
+        try {
+            List<QuestionContentSafety.SafeOption> options =
+                    QuestionContentSafety.restoreSnapshotOptions(question.getType(), question.getOptions());
+            validateAnswerKey(question.getType(), question.getCorrectAnswer(), options);
+        } catch (ServiceException ex) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void validateAnswerKey(String rawType, String rawAnswer,
+                                   List<QuestionContentSafety.SafeOption> options) {
+        if (!QuestionContentSafety.isOptionBackedType(rawType)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Set<String> labels = options.stream()
+                .map(QuestionContentSafety.SafeOption::label)
+                .collect(java.util.stream.Collectors.toSet());
+        String type = rawType.trim().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        if ("multi".equals(type) || "multi_choice".equals(type)) {
+            String[] parsedAnswers = JsonUtils.parseObjectQuietly(rawAnswer, String[].class);
+            List<String> answers = parsedAnswers != null ? Arrays.asList(parsedAnswers) : null;
+            if (answers == null || answers.isEmpty() || answers.stream().anyMatch(answer ->
+                    answer == null || answer.isBlank() || !labels.contains(answer.trim()))) {
+                throw exception(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE);
+            }
+            Set<String> distinct = new HashSet<>();
+            if (answers.stream().map(String::trim).anyMatch(answer -> !distinct.add(answer))) {
+                throw exception(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!labels.contains(rawAnswer.trim())) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void assertAuthoringMode() {
+        if (properties.getCatalogMode() != CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ) {
+            throw exception(QUESTION_AUTHORING_PROVIDER_UNSUPPORTED, properties.getCatalogMode());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/main/resources/db/migration/education/V4080__add_question_publication_lifecycle.sql b/yudao-module-education/src/main/resources/db/migration/education/V4080__add_question_publication_lifecycle.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..795e3801
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/main/resources/db/migration/education/V4080__add_question_publication_lifecycle.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+-- EDU-010: make native question authoring draft-first and keep lifecycle audit
+-- in the same PostgreSQL transaction as publication state changes.
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_question_answer_key_is_valid(
+    question_type VARCHAR,
+    answer_key VARCHAR,
+    question_options JSONB
+)
+RETURNS BOOLEAN
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+IMMUTABLE
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+DECLARE
+    normalized_type VARCHAR;
+    answer_labels JSONB;
+    option_count INTEGER;
+    distinct_label_count INTEGER;
+    ordered_option_count INTEGER;
+    distinct_order_count INTEGER;
+BEGIN
+    normalized_type := lower(trim(COALESCE(question_type, '')));
+    IF answer_key IS NULL OR btrim(answer_key) = ''
+       OR jsonb_typeof(question_options) <> 'array' THEN
+        RETURN false;
+    END IF;
+
+    IF normalized_type IN (
+        'fill', 'text', 'terms', 'short_answer', 'composition', 'discuss',
+        'translation', 'case_analysis', 'brief_analysis', 'calculation',
+        'analysis_design', 'combination', 'solution'
+    ) THEN
+        RETURN jsonb_array_length(question_options) = 0;
+    END IF;
+    IF normalized_type NOT IN ('choice', 'multi', 'multi_choice', 'judge', 'image')
+       OR jsonb_array_length(question_options) < 2 THEN
+        RETURN false;
+    END IF;
+
+    SELECT count(*),
+           count(DISTINCT btrim(item ->> 'label')),
+           count(*) FILTER (WHERE jsonb_typeof(item -> 'order') = 'number'),
+           count(DISTINCT (item ->> 'order')::NUMERIC)
+               FILTER (WHERE jsonb_typeof(item -> 'order') = 'number')
+      INTO option_count, distinct_label_count, ordered_option_count, distinct_order_count
+      FROM jsonb_array_elements(question_options) item
+     WHERE jsonb_typeof(item) = 'object'
+       AND (SELECT count(*) FROM jsonb_object_keys(item)) = 3
+       AND item ?& ARRAY['label', 'content', 'order']
+       AND jsonb_typeof(item -> 'label') = 'string'
+       AND btrim(item ->> 'label') <> ''
+       AND jsonb_typeof(item -> 'content') = 'string'
+       AND btrim(item ->> 'content') <> ''
+       AND jsonb_typeof(item -> 'order') IN ('number', 'null');
+    IF option_count <> jsonb_array_length(question_options)
+       OR distinct_label_count <> option_count
+       OR distinct_order_count <> ordered_option_count THEN
+        RETURN false;
+    END IF;
+
+    IF normalized_type IN ('multi', 'multi_choice') THEN
+        BEGIN
+            answer_labels := answer_key::JSONB;
+        EXCEPTION WHEN others THEN
+            RETURN false;
+        END;
+        IF jsonb_typeof(answer_labels) <> 'array'
+           OR jsonb_array_length(answer_labels) = 0
+           OR EXISTS (
+               SELECT 1 FROM jsonb_array_elements(answer_labels) answer
+                WHERE jsonb_typeof(answer) <> 'string'
+                   OR btrim(answer #>> '{}') = ''
+                   OR NOT EXISTS (
+                       SELECT 1 FROM jsonb_array_elements(question_options) item
+                        WHERE btrim(item ->> 'label') = btrim(answer #>> '{}')
+                   )
+           )
+           OR (SELECT count(*) FROM jsonb_array_elements_text(answer_labels)) <>
+              (SELECT count(DISTINCT btrim(value))
+                 FROM jsonb_array_elements_text(answer_labels) value) THEN
+            RETURN false;
+        END IF;
+        RETURN true;
+    END IF;
+
+    RETURN EXISTS (
+        SELECT 1 FROM jsonb_array_elements(question_options) item
+         WHERE btrim(item ->> 'label') = btrim(answer_key)
+    );
+END;
+$$;
+
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_question_answer_key_is_valid(VARCHAR, VARCHAR, JSONB) FROM PUBLIC;
+
+-- Hold back concurrent inserts and updates until the historical safety check,
+-- normalization, and lifecycle write guards all commit together.
+LOCK TABLE education_question IN SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE;
+
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    invalid_question_id BIGINT;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT id
+      INTO invalid_question_id
+      FROM education_question
+     WHERE status = 'PUBLISHED'
+       AND is_published = true
+       AND (
+           stem IS NULL OR btrim(stem) = '' OR
+           NOT education_question_answer_key_is_valid(type, correct_answer, options)
+       )
+     ORDER BY id
+     LIMIT 1;
+    IF invalid_question_id IS NOT NULL THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'unsafe historical published question % blocks V4080', invalid_question_id
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+END;
+$$;
+
+ALTER TABLE education_question DROP CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_status;
+
+UPDATE education_question
+   SET status = CASE
+           WHEN status = 'DRAFT' THEN 'DRAFT'
+           WHEN status = 'PUBLISHED' AND is_published = true THEN 'PUBLISHED'
+           ELSE 'ARCHIVED'
+       END,
+       is_published = CASE
+           WHEN status = 'PUBLISHED' AND is_published = true THEN true
+           ELSE false
+       END;
+
+ALTER TABLE education_question ALTER COLUMN status SET DEFAULT 'DRAFT';
+ALTER TABLE education_question ALTER COLUMN is_published SET DEFAULT false;
+ALTER TABLE education_question
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_status
+        CHECK (status IN ('DRAFT', 'PUBLISHED', 'ARCHIVED')),
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_publication_consistent
+        CHECK (is_published = (status = 'PUBLISHED'));
+
+CREATE TABLE education_question_version (
+    id BIGINT GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
+    tenant_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    scope VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    question_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    version_number INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    stem TEXT NOT NULL,
+    type VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
+    type_label VARCHAR(50),
+    difficulty VARCHAR(32),
+    question_content JSONB,
+    options JSONB NOT NULL,
+    correct_answer VARCHAR(500),
+    explanation TEXT,
+    analysis TEXT,
+    creator VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+    create_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updater VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+    update_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    deleted BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false,
+    CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_version_scope CHECK (
+        (scope = 'PUBLIC' AND tenant_id = 0) OR
+        (scope = 'TENANT_OWNED' AND tenant_id > 0)
+    ),
+    CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_version_number CHECK (version_number > 0),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_education_question_version_question
+        FOREIGN KEY (question_id) REFERENCES education_question (id),
+    CONSTRAINT uk_education_question_version_question_number
+        UNIQUE (question_id, version_number),
+    CONSTRAINT uk_education_question_version_tenant_question_number
+        UNIQUE (tenant_id, question_id, version_number)
+);
+
+COMMENT ON TABLE education_question_version IS
+    '教育-题目不可变内容版本；当前版本号由 education_question.content_version 指向';
+COMMENT ON COLUMN education_question_version.correct_answer IS
+    '服务端答案；不得进入学生端安全投影';
+
+INSERT INTO education_question_version (
+    tenant_id, scope, question_id, version_number, stem, type, type_label,
+    difficulty, question_content, options, correct_answer, explanation, analysis,
+    creator, create_time, updater, update_time, deleted
+)
+SELECT tenant_id, scope, id, content_version, stem, type, type_label,
+       difficulty, question_content, options, correct_answer, explanation, analysis,
+       creator, create_time, updater, update_time, false
+  FROM education_question;
+
+ALTER TABLE education_question
+    ADD CONSTRAINT fk_education_question_current_version
+        FOREIGN KEY (id, content_version)
+        REFERENCES education_question_version (question_id, version_number)
+        DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED;
+
+CREATE TABLE education_question_lifecycle_audit (
+    id BIGINT GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
+    tenant_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    question_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    content_version INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    actor_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    from_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    to_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    occurred_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    creator VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+    create_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updater VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+    update_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    deleted BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false,
+    CONSTRAINT ck_education_question_lifecycle_audit_transition CHECK (
+        (from_status = 'DRAFT' AND to_status = 'PUBLISHED') OR
+        (from_status = 'PUBLISHED' AND to_status = 'ARCHIVED')
+    ),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_education_question_lifecycle_audit_version
+        FOREIGN KEY (tenant_id, question_id, content_version)
+        REFERENCES education_question_version (tenant_id, question_id, version_number),
+    CONSTRAINT uk_education_question_lifecycle_audit_transition
+        UNIQUE (tenant_id, question_id, from_status, to_status)
+);
+
+COMMENT ON TABLE education_question_lifecycle_audit IS
+    '教育-题目发布生命周期追加式领域审计，与状态转换同事务提交';
+CREATE INDEX idx_education_question_lifecycle_audit_tenant_question
+    ON education_question_lifecycle_audit (tenant_id, question_id, occurred_at, id);
+
+CREATE TABLE education_question_lifecycle_transition_token (
+    transaction_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    tenant_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    question_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    content_version INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    from_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    to_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (transaction_id, tenant_id, question_id, from_status, to_status)
+);
+
+COMMENT ON TABLE education_question_lifecycle_transition_token IS
+    '题目状态触发器与审计触发器之间的事务内临时凭据；成功审计后即消费';
+REVOKE ALL ON TABLE education_question_lifecycle_transition_token FROM PUBLIC;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_version_mutation()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+BEGIN
+    RAISE EXCEPTION 'question versions are immutable'
+        USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_enforce_question_lifecycle_transition()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SECURITY DEFINER
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
+        IF NEW.status <> 'DRAFT' OR NEW.is_published THEN
+            RAISE EXCEPTION 'new questions must start in DRAFT'
+                USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+        END IF;
+        RETURN NEW;
+    END IF;
+    IF NEW.status IS DISTINCT FROM OLD.status
+       AND (NEW.scope <> 'TENANT_OWNED' OR NEW.tenant_id <= 0) THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'PUBLIC question lifecycle is not managed by tenant authoring'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    IF NEW.status IS DISTINCT FROM OLD.status AND NOT (
+        (OLD.status = 'DRAFT' AND NEW.status = 'PUBLISHED') OR
+        (OLD.status = 'PUBLISHED' AND NEW.status = 'ARCHIVED')
+    ) THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'invalid question lifecycle transition from % to %', OLD.status, NEW.status
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    IF NEW.status IS DISTINCT FROM OLD.status THEN
+        EXECUTE format(
+            'INSERT INTO %I.education_question_lifecycle_transition_token' ||
+            ' (transaction_id, tenant_id, question_id, content_version, from_status, to_status)' ||
+            ' VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)',
+            TG_TABLE_SCHEMA)
+          USING pg_current_xact_id()::text::BIGINT, NEW.tenant_id, NEW.id,
+                NEW.content_version, OLD.status, NEW.status;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_lifecycle_audit_mutation()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+BEGIN
+    RAISE EXCEPTION 'question lifecycle audit is append-only'
+        USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_content_projection_mutation()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+BEGIN
+    RAISE EXCEPTION 'question content must change through immutable versions'
+        USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_require_question_lifecycle_audit()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+DECLARE
+    audit_exists BOOLEAN;
+BEGIN
+    IF NEW.status IS NOT DISTINCT FROM OLD.status THEN
+        RETURN NEW;
+    END IF;
+    EXECUTE format(
+        'SELECT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM %I.education_question_lifecycle_audit' ||
+        ' WHERE tenant_id = $1 AND question_id = $2 AND content_version = $3' ||
+        ' AND from_status = $4 AND to_status = $5 AND deleted = false)',
+        TG_TABLE_SCHEMA)
+       INTO audit_exists
+      USING NEW.tenant_id, NEW.id, NEW.content_version, OLD.status, NEW.status;
+    IF NOT audit_exists THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'question lifecycle transition requires transactional audit'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_check_question_version_ownership()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SECURITY DEFINER
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+DECLARE
+    question_tenant_id BIGINT;
+    question_scope VARCHAR(20);
+BEGIN
+    EXECUTE format(
+        'SELECT tenant_id, scope FROM %I.education_question WHERE id = $1 FOR SHARE',
+        TG_TABLE_SCHEMA)
+       INTO question_tenant_id, question_scope
+      USING NEW.question_id;
+    IF question_tenant_id IS NULL OR question_scope IS NULL THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'question version points to missing question %', NEW.question_id
+            USING ERRCODE = '23503';
+    END IF;
+    IF NEW.tenant_id IS DISTINCT FROM question_tenant_id
+       OR NEW.scope IS DISTINCT FROM question_scope THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'question version ownership must equal question ownership'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION education_validate_question_lifecycle_audit_insert()
+RETURNS TRIGGER
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+SECURITY DEFINER
+SET search_path = pg_catalog, pg_temp
+AS $$
+DECLARE
+    question_status VARCHAR(20);
+    question_version INTEGER;
+    transition_token_count INTEGER;
+BEGIN
+    EXECUTE format(
+        'SELECT status, content_version FROM %I.education_question' ||
+        ' WHERE tenant_id = $1 AND id = $2 FOR SHARE',
+        TG_TABLE_SCHEMA)
+       INTO question_status, question_version
+      USING NEW.tenant_id, NEW.question_id;
+    IF question_status IS NULL OR question_version IS NULL
+       OR question_status IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.to_status
+       OR question_version IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.content_version THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'question lifecycle audit must accompany its state transition'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    EXECUTE format(
+        'DELETE FROM %I.education_question_lifecycle_transition_token' ||
+        ' WHERE transaction_id = $1 AND tenant_id = $2 AND question_id = $3' ||
+        ' AND content_version = $4 AND from_status = $5 AND to_status = $6',
+        TG_TABLE_SCHEMA)
+      USING pg_current_xact_id()::text::BIGINT, NEW.tenant_id, NEW.question_id,
+            NEW.content_version, NEW.from_status, NEW.to_status;
+    GET DIAGNOSTICS transition_token_count = ROW_COUNT;
+    IF transition_token_count <> 1 THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'question lifecycle audit must accompany its state transition'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23514';
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$;
+
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_prevent_question_version_mutation() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_enforce_question_lifecycle_transition() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_prevent_question_lifecycle_audit_mutation() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_prevent_question_content_projection_mutation() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_require_question_lifecycle_audit() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_check_question_version_ownership() FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION education_validate_question_lifecycle_audit_insert() FROM PUBLIC;
+
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_version_reference_scope
+    BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OF tenant_id, scope, question_id ON education_question_version
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_check_reference_scope('question_id', 'education_question');
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_version_ownership_equal
+    BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OF tenant_id, scope, question_id ON education_question_version
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_check_question_version_ownership();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_version_scope_immutable
+    BEFORE UPDATE OF tenant_id, scope ON education_question_version
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_prevent_catalog_scope_change();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_version_immutable
+    BEFORE UPDATE OR DELETE ON education_question_version
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_version_mutation();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_lifecycle_transition
+    BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OF status ON education_question
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_enforce_question_lifecycle_transition();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_lifecycle_audit_immutable
+    BEFORE UPDATE OR DELETE ON education_question_lifecycle_audit
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_lifecycle_audit_mutation();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_lifecycle_audit_insert_valid
+    BEFORE INSERT ON education_question_lifecycle_audit
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_validate_question_lifecycle_audit_insert();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_education_question_content_projection_immutable
+    BEFORE UPDATE OF content_version, stem, type, type_label, difficulty,
+        question_content, options, correct_answer, explanation, analysis
+    ON education_question
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_prevent_question_content_projection_mutation();
+CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER trg_education_question_lifecycle_audit_required
+    AFTER UPDATE ON education_question
+    DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION education_require_question_lifecycle_audit();
+
+-- The platform schema is adopted before Education Flyway in deployed environments.
+-- Isolated Education migration tests intentionally have no System tables.
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    installed_permission_count INTEGER;
+BEGIN
+    IF to_regclass('system_menu') IS NULL THEN
+        RETURN;
+    END IF;
+
+    INSERT INTO system_menu (
+        id, name, permission, type, sort, parent_id, path, icon, component,
+        component_name, status, visible, keep_alive, always_show, creator, updater
+    ) VALUES
+        (6800, '教育管理', '', 1, 50, 0, '/education', 'ep:school', NULL,
+         NULL, 0, false, true, true, 'education-flyway', 'education-flyway'),
+        (6801, '能力查询', 'education:capability', 3, 1, 6800, '', '', NULL,
+         NULL, 0, false, true, true, 'education-flyway', 'education-flyway'),
+        (6802, '题目创作', 'education:question:author', 3, 2, 6800, '', '', NULL,
+         NULL, 0, false, true, true, 'education-flyway', 'education-flyway'),
+        (6803, '题目发布', 'education:question:publish', 3, 3, 6800, '', '', NULL,
+         NULL, 0, false, true, true, 'education-flyway', 'education-flyway'),
+        (6804, '题目归档', 'education:question:archive', 3, 4, 6800, '', '', NULL,
+         NULL, 0, false, true, true, 'education-flyway', 'education-flyway')
+    ON CONFLICT (id) DO NOTHING;
+
+    SELECT count(*)
+      INTO installed_permission_count
+      FROM system_menu
+     WHERE status = 0
+       AND deleted = 0
+       AND (
+           (id = 6800 AND permission = '' AND type = 1 AND parent_id = 0 AND path = '/education')
+        OR (id = 6801 AND permission = 'education:capability' AND type = 3 AND parent_id = 6800)
+        OR (id = 6802 AND permission = 'education:question:author' AND type = 3 AND parent_id = 6800)
+        OR (id = 6803 AND permission = 'education:question:publish' AND type = 3 AND parent_id = 6800)
+        OR (id = 6804 AND permission = 'education:question:archive' AND type = 3 AND parent_id = 6800)
+       );
+    IF installed_permission_count <> 5 THEN
+        RAISE EXCEPTION 'Education System RBAC seed IDs conflict with existing system_menu rows'
+            USING ERRCODE = '23505';
+    END IF;
+END;
+$$;
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringControllerContractTest.java b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringControllerContractTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ebf2d9fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/controller/admin/question/QuestionAuthoringControllerContractTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.admin.question;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.security.core.LoginUser;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.security.core.service.SecurityFrameworkService;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.admin.question.vo.QuestionDraftCreateReqVO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring.QuestionDraftCommand;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring.TenantQuestionLifecycleService;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
+import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableMethodSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
+import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
+@ContextConfiguration(classes = QuestionAuthoringControllerContractTest.SecurityTestConfiguration.class)
+class QuestionAuthoringControllerContractTest {
+
+    private static final Long ACTOR_ID = 7L;
+    private static final String AUTHOR_PERMISSION = "education:question:author";
+    private static final String PUBLISH_PERMISSION = "education:question:publish";
+    private static final String ARCHIVE_PERMISSION = "education:question:archive";
+
+    @Autowired
+    private QuestionAuthoringController controller;
+    @Autowired
+    private RecordingLifecycleService lifecycleService;
+    @Autowired
+    private MutableSecurityFrameworkService securityFrameworkService;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        lifecycleService.reset();
+        securityFrameworkService.reset();
+
+        LoginUser loginUser = new LoginUser();
+        loginUser.setId(ACTOR_ID);
+        loginUser.setTenantId(10L);
+        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(
+                new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser, null, List.of()));
+    }
+
+    @AfterEach
+    void tearDown() {
+        SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void authorPermissionDoesNotAllowPublishing() {
+        grant(AUTHOR_PERMISSION);
+
+        assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> controller.publish(101L));
+        assertEquals(0, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void publishPermissionDoesNotAllowArchiving() {
+        grant(PUBLISH_PERMISSION);
+
+        assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> controller.archive(101L));
+        assertEquals(0, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void archivePermissionDoesNotAllowDraftCreation() {
+        grant(ARCHIVE_PERMISSION);
+
+        assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> controller.createDraft(draftRequest()));
+        assertEquals(0, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void authorPermissionAllowsDraftCreation() {
+        grant(AUTHOR_PERMISSION);
+
+        assertEquals(101L, controller.createDraft(draftRequest()).getData());
+        assertEquals("2 + 2 = ?", lifecycleService.createdCommand.stem());
+        assertEquals(1, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void publishPermissionAllowsPublishing() {
+        grant(PUBLISH_PERMISSION);
+
+        controller.publish(101L);
+
+        assertEquals(101L, lifecycleService.publishedQuestionId);
+        assertEquals(ACTOR_ID, lifecycleService.publishedByActorId);
+        assertEquals(1, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void archivePermissionAllowsArchiving() {
+        grant(ARCHIVE_PERMISSION);
+
+        controller.archive(101L);
+
+        assertEquals(101L, lifecycleService.archivedQuestionId);
+        assertEquals(ACTOR_ID, lifecycleService.archivedByActorId);
+        assertEquals(1, lifecycleService.totalCalls());
+    }
+
+    private void grant(String permission) {
+        securityFrameworkService.grant(permission);
+    }
+
+    private QuestionDraftCreateReqVO draftRequest() {
+        QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.Option optionA = new QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.Option();
+        optionA.setLabel("A");
+        optionA.setContent("4");
+        optionA.setOrder(1D);
+        QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.Option optionB = new QuestionDraftCreateReqVO.Option();
+        optionB.setLabel("B");
+        optionB.setContent("5");
+        optionB.setOrder(2D);
+
+        QuestionDraftCreateReqVO request = new QuestionDraftCreateReqVO();
+        request.setStem("2 + 2 = ?");
+        request.setType("choice");
+        request.setDifficulty("easy");
+        request.setOptions(List.of(optionA, optionB));
+        request.setCorrectAnswer("A");
+        return request;
+    }
+
+    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
+    @EnableMethodSecurity
+    static class SecurityTestConfiguration {
+
+        @Bean("ss")
+        MutableSecurityFrameworkService securityFrameworkService() {
+            return new MutableSecurityFrameworkService();
+        }
+
+        @Bean
+        RecordingLifecycleService tenantQuestionLifecycleService() {
+            return new RecordingLifecycleService();
+        }
+
+        @Bean
+        QuestionAuthoringController questionAuthoringController(
+                TenantQuestionLifecycleService tenantQuestionLifecycleService) {
+            return new QuestionAuthoringController(tenantQuestionLifecycleService);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MutableSecurityFrameworkService implements SecurityFrameworkService {
+
+        private final Set<String> grantedPermissions = new HashSet<>();
+
+        void grant(String permission) {
+            grantedPermissions.add(permission);
+        }
+
+        void reset() {
+            grantedPermissions.clear();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasPermission(String permission) {
+            return grantedPermissions.contains(permission);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasAnyPermissions(String... permissions) {
+            return java.util.Arrays.stream(permissions).anyMatch(this::hasPermission);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasRole(String role) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasAnyRoles(String... roles) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasScope(String scope) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasAnyScopes(String... scope) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class RecordingLifecycleService implements TenantQuestionLifecycleService {
+
+        private QuestionDraftCommand createdCommand;
+        private Long publishedQuestionId;
+        private Long publishedByActorId;
+        private Long archivedQuestionId;
+        private Long archivedByActorId;
+
+        void reset() {
+            createdCommand = null;
+            publishedQuestionId = null;
+            publishedByActorId = null;
+            archivedQuestionId = null;
+            archivedByActorId = null;
+        }
+
+        int totalCalls() {
+            int count = createdCommand != null ? 1 : 0;
+            count += publishedQuestionId != null ? 1 : 0;
+            count += archivedQuestionId != null ? 1 : 0;
+            return count;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Long createDraft(QuestionDraftCommand command) {
+            createdCommand = command;
+            return 101L;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void publish(Long questionId, Long actorId) {
+            publishedQuestionId = questionId;
+            publishedByActorId = actorId;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void archive(Long questionId, Long actorId) {
+            archivedQuestionId = questionId;
+            archivedByActorId = actorId;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecyclePostgreSqlIntegrationTest.java b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecyclePostgreSqlIntegrationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..537f93fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecyclePostgreSqlIntegrationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.exception.ServiceException;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.tenant.core.context.TenantContextHolder;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.tenant.core.util.TenantUtils;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.config.EducationProperties;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.controller.app.question.vo.SafeQuestionRespVO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionVersionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.catalog.provider.JavaCatalogProvider;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.QuestionCatalogService;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.QuestionCatalogServiceImpl;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.test.PostgreSqlDbIntegrationTest;
+import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
+import org.springframework.test.context.TestPropertySource;
+import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
+import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.enums.ErrorCodeConstants.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+@Import({TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl.class, JavaCatalogProvider.class,
+        QuestionCatalogServiceImpl.class, EducationProperties.class})
+@TestPropertySource(properties = {
+        "yudao.education.enabled=true",
+        "yudao.education.catalog-mode=JAVA_READ"
+})
+class TenantQuestionLifecyclePostgreSqlIntegrationTest extends PostgreSqlDbIntegrationTest {
+
+    @Resource private TenantQuestionLifecycleService lifecycleService;
+    @Resource private QuestionCatalogService questionCatalogService;
+    @Resource private QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper auditMapper;
+    @Resource private QuestionMapper questionMapper;
+    @Resource private QuestionVersionMapper versionMapper;
+    @Resource private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUpTenant() {
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(10L);
+    }
+
+    @AfterEach
+    void clearTenant() {
+        TenantContextHolder.clear();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldMoveDraftThroughPublishAndArchiveAcrossStudentReadSeam() {
+        Long id = lifecycleService.createDraft(new QuestionDraftCommand(
+                "2 + 2 = ?", "choice", "easy", List.of(
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("A", "4", 1D),
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("B", "5", 2D)),
+                "A", "secret explanation", "secret analysis"));
+
+        assertQuestionNotVisible(id);
+        lifecycleService.publish(id, 7L);
+
+        SafeQuestionRespVO published = questionCatalogService.getQuestion(String.valueOf(id));
+        assertEquals("2 + 2 = ?", published.getStem());
+        assertEquals(2, published.getOptions().size());
+        assertFalse(cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.util.json.JsonUtils.toJsonString(published)
+                .matches(".*(correctAnswer|explanation|analysis|isCorrect).*"));
+
+        lifecycleService.archive(id, 7L);
+        assertQuestionNotVisible(id);
+        assertEquals(2L, auditMapper.selectCount());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldRollbackPublicationWhenDurableAuditFails() {
+        Long id = lifecycleService.createDraft(new QuestionDraftCommand(
+                "Capital of France?", "text", "easy", List.of(),
+                "Paris", null, null));
+
+        assertThrows(RuntimeException.class, () -> lifecycleService.publish(id, null));
+
+        assertEquals("DRAFT", questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, id).getStatus());
+        assertEquals(0L, auditMapper.selectCount());
+        assertQuestionNotVisible(id);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldAllowOnlyOneConcurrentPublishAndAppendOneAudit() throws InterruptedException {
+        Long id = lifecycleService.createDraft(questionCommand("Concurrent publish"));
+        CountDownLatch ready = new CountDownLatch(2);
+        CountDownLatch go = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        AtomicInteger successCount = new AtomicInteger();
+        AtomicReference<Throwable> firstError = new AtomicReference<>();
+        AtomicReference<Throwable> secondError = new AtomicReference<>();
+
+        Thread first = publishThread(id, 7L, ready, go, successCount, firstError);
+        Thread second = publishThread(id, 8L, ready, go, successCount, secondError);
+        first.start();
+        second.start();
+        assertTrue(ready.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        go.countDown();
+        first.join(10000);
+        second.join(10000);
+
+        assertFalse(first.isAlive());
+        assertFalse(second.isAlive());
+        assertEquals(1, successCount.get());
+        Throwable loserError = firstError.get() != null ? firstError.get() : secondError.get();
+        ServiceException conflict = assertInstanceOf(ServiceException.class, loserError);
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_LIFECYCLE_CONFLICT.getCode(), conflict.getCode());
+        assertEquals("PUBLISHED", questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, id).getStatus());
+        assertEquals(1L, auditMapper.selectCount());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldRejectCrossTenantPublishAndArchive() {
+        Long id = lifecycleService.createDraft(questionCommand("Tenant isolated"));
+
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(20L);
+        assertAuthoringNotFound(() -> lifecycleService.publish(id, 8L));
+
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(10L);
+        lifecycleService.publish(id, 7L);
+
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(20L);
+        assertAuthoringNotFound(() -> lifecycleService.archive(id, 8L));
+
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(10L);
+        assertEquals("PUBLISHED", questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, id).getStatus());
+        assertEquals(1L, auditMapper.selectCount());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldRejectPublicQuestionFromTenantLifecycleService() {
+        Long publicQuestionId = createPublicDraft();
+
+        assertAuthoringNotFound(() -> lifecycleService.publish(publicQuestionId, 7L));
+
+        assertEquals(0L, auditMapper.selectCount());
+    }
+
+    private void assertQuestionNotVisible(Long id) {
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class,
+                () -> questionCatalogService.getQuestion(String.valueOf(id)));
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_NOT_FOUND.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+    }
+
+    private void assertAuthoringNotFound(org.junit.jupiter.api.function.Executable executable) {
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class, executable);
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_AUTHORING_NOT_FOUND.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+    }
+
+    private Thread publishThread(Long questionId, Long actorId, CountDownLatch ready, CountDownLatch go,
+                                 AtomicInteger successCount, AtomicReference<Throwable> error) {
+        return new Thread(() -> {
+            TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(10L);
+            ready.countDown();
+            try {
+                assertTrue(go.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+                lifecycleService.publish(questionId, actorId);
+                successCount.incrementAndGet();
+            } catch (Throwable throwable) {
+                error.set(throwable);
+            } finally {
+                TenantContextHolder.clear();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private Long createPublicDraft() {
+        return TenantUtils.executeIgnore(() -> new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager).execute(status -> {
+            QuestionDO question = new QuestionDO();
+            question.setTenantId(0L);
+            question.setScope("PUBLIC");
+            question.setContentVersion(1);
+            question.setStem("Public draft");
+            question.setType("text");
+            question.setOptions("[]");
+            question.setCorrectAnswer("answer");
+            question.setStatus("DRAFT");
+            question.setIsPublished(false);
+            question.setSortOrder(0);
+            questionMapper.insert(question);
+
+            QuestionVersionDO version = new QuestionVersionDO();
+            version.setTenantId(0L);
+            version.setScope("PUBLIC");
+            version.setQuestionId(question.getId());
+            version.setVersionNumber(1);
+            version.setStem(question.getStem());
+            version.setType(question.getType());
+            version.setOptions(question.getOptions());
+            version.setCorrectAnswer(question.getCorrectAnswer());
+            versionMapper.insert(version);
+            return question.getId();
+        }));
+    }
+
+    private QuestionDraftCommand questionCommand(String stem) {
+        return new QuestionDraftCommand(stem, "text", "easy", List.of(), "answer", null, null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImplTest.java b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImplTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..173efa51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/service/question/authoring/TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImplTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+package cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.service.question.authoring;
+
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.common.exception.ServiceException;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.framework.tenant.core.context.TenantContextHolder;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.config.EducationProperties;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionDO;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.mysql.catalog.QuestionVersionMapper;
+import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.enums.CatalogProviderMode;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+import static cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.enums.ErrorCodeConstants.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+class TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImplTest {
+
+    @Mock private QuestionMapper questionMapper;
+    @Mock private QuestionVersionMapper versionMapper;
+    @Mock private QuestionLifecycleAuditMapper auditMapper;
+
+    private EducationProperties properties;
+    private TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl service;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        properties = new EducationProperties();
+        service = new TenantQuestionLifecycleServiceImpl(properties, questionMapper, versionMapper, auditMapper);
+        TenantContextHolder.setTenantId(10L);
+    }
+
+    @AfterEach
+    void tearDown() {
+        TenantContextHolder.clear();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFailBeforeDatabaseAccessInScalarMode() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.SCALAR_READ);
+
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> service.publish(1L, 7L));
+
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_AUTHORING_PROVIDER_UNSUPPORTED.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+        verifyNoInteractions(questionMapper, versionMapper, auditMapper);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldCreateTenantOwnedDraftAndFirstImmutableVersion() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        doAnswer(invocation -> {
+            QuestionDO question = invocation.getArgument(0);
+            question.setId(101L);
+            return 1;
+        }).when(questionMapper).insert((QuestionDO) any(QuestionDO.class));
+
+        Long id = service.createDraft(command());
+
+        assertEquals(101L, id);
+        ArgumentCaptor<QuestionDO> questionCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(QuestionDO.class);
+        verify(questionMapper).insert((QuestionDO) questionCaptor.capture());
+        QuestionDO insertedQuestion = questionCaptor.getValue();
+        assertEquals(10L, insertedQuestion.getTenantId());
+        assertEquals("TENANT_OWNED", insertedQuestion.getScope());
+        assertEquals("DRAFT", insertedQuestion.getStatus());
+        assertFalse(insertedQuestion.getIsPublished());
+        assertEquals(1, insertedQuestion.getContentVersion());
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO> versionCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO.class);
+        verify(versionMapper).insert((cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionVersionDO)
+                versionCaptor.capture());
+        assertEquals(101L, versionCaptor.getValue().getQuestionId());
+        assertEquals(10L, versionCaptor.getValue().getTenantId());
+        assertEquals(1, versionCaptor.getValue().getVersionNumber());
+        verifyNoInteractions(auditMapper);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldPublishWithCasAndAppendAudit() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        when(questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, 101L)).thenReturn(draft());
+        when(questionMapper.updateLifecycle(10L, 101L, "DRAFT", "PUBLISHED", true)).thenReturn(1);
+
+        service.publish(101L, 7L);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditDO> auditCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditDO.class);
+        verify(auditMapper).insert((cn.iocoder.yudao.module.education.dal.dataobject.catalog.QuestionLifecycleAuditDO)
+                auditCaptor.capture());
+        assertEquals(10L, auditCaptor.getValue().getTenantId());
+        assertEquals(7L, auditCaptor.getValue().getActorId());
+        assertEquals("DRAFT", auditCaptor.getValue().getFromStatus());
+        assertEquals("PUBLISHED", auditCaptor.getValue().getToStatus());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldPreserveRequestOrderWhenOptionOrderIsOmitted() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        doAnswer(invocation -> {
+            QuestionDO question = invocation.getArgument(0);
+            question.setId(102L);
+            return 1;
+        }).when(questionMapper).insert((QuestionDO) any(QuestionDO.class));
+        QuestionDraftCommand command = new QuestionDraftCommand("Pick", "choice", "easy", List.of(
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("A", "first", null),
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("B", "second", null)),
+                "A", null, null);
+
+        service.createDraft(command);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<QuestionDO> captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(QuestionDO.class);
+        verify(questionMapper).insert((QuestionDO) captor.capture());
+        assertTrue(captor.getValue().getOptions().contains("\"order\":1.0"));
+        assertTrue(captor.getValue().getOptions().contains("\"order\":2.0"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldRejectOptionAnswerThatDoesNotExist() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        QuestionDO draft = draft();
+        draft.setCorrectAnswer("C");
+        when(questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, 101L)).thenReturn(draft);
+
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> service.publish(101L, 7L));
+
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+        verify(questionMapper, never()).updateLifecycle(any(), any(), any(), any(), anyBoolean());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldRejectIncompleteDraftBeforeLifecycleUpdate() {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        QuestionDO draft = draft();
+        draft.setCorrectAnswer(null);
+        when(questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, 101L)).thenReturn(draft);
+
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> service.publish(101L, 7L));
+
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_CONTENT_NOT_PUBLISHABLE.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+        verify(questionMapper, never()).updateLifecycle(any(), any(), any(), any(), anyBoolean());
+        verifyNoInteractions(auditMapper);
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest(name = "{0} from {1}")
+    @MethodSource("illegalLifecycleTransitions")
+    void shouldRejectIllegalLifecycleTransition(String operation, String currentStatus) {
+        properties.setCatalogMode(CatalogProviderMode.JAVA_READ);
+        QuestionDO question = draft();
+        question.setStatus(currentStatus);
+        question.setIsPublished("PUBLISHED".equals(currentStatus));
+        when(questionMapper.selectTenantOwnedById(10L, 101L)).thenReturn(question);
+
+        ServiceException ex = assertThrows(ServiceException.class, () -> {
+            if ("publish".equals(operation)) {
+                service.publish(101L, 7L);
+            } else {
+                service.archive(101L, 7L);
+            }
+        });
+
+        assertEquals(QUESTION_LIFECYCLE_CONFLICT.getCode(), ex.getCode());
+        verify(questionMapper, never()).updateLifecycle(any(), any(), any(), any(), anyBoolean());
+        verifyNoInteractions(auditMapper);
+    }
+
+    private static Stream<Arguments> illegalLifecycleTransitions() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of("publish", "PUBLISHED"),
+                Arguments.of("publish", "ARCHIVED"),
+                Arguments.of("archive", "DRAFT"),
+                Arguments.of("archive", "ARCHIVED"));
+    }
+
+    private QuestionDraftCommand command() {
+        return new QuestionDraftCommand("2 + 2 = ?", "choice", "easy", List.of(
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("A", "4", 1D),
+                new QuestionDraftCommand.QuestionDraftOption("B", "5", 2D)),
+                "A", "basic", null);
+    }
+
+    private QuestionDO draft() {
+        QuestionDO question = new QuestionDO();
+        question.setId(101L);
+        question.setTenantId(10L);
+        question.setScope("TENANT_OWNED");
+        question.setContentVersion(1);
+        question.setStem("2 + 2 = ?");
+        question.setType("choice");
+        question.setOptions("[{\"label\":\"A\",\"content\":\"4\",\"order\":1}," +
+                "{\"label\":\"B\",\"content\":\"5\",\"order\":2}]");
+        question.setCorrectAnswer("A");
+        question.setStatus("DRAFT");
+        question.setIsPublished(false);
+        return question;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/test/EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest.java b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/test/EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest.java
index fbd1c88c..b3554276 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/test/EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/test/java/cn/iocoder/yudao/module/education/test/EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest.java
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
 
         assertThat(queryStrings(schema,
                 "SELECT COALESCE(version, 'BASELINE') FROM flyway_schema_history ORDER BY installed_rank"))
-                .containsExactly("4009", "4010", "4020", "4030", "4040", "4050", "4060", "4070");
+                .containsExactly("4009", "4010", "4020", "4030", "4040", "4050", "4060", "4070", "4080");
         assertThat(queryLong(schema,
                 "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = current_schema() " +
                         "AND table_name = 'education_idempotency'"))
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
 
         assertThat(queryStrings(schema,
                 "SELECT version FROM flyway_schema_history WHERE success = TRUE ORDER BY installed_rank"))
-                .containsExactly("4010", "4020", "4030", "4040", "4050", "4060", "4070");
+                .containsExactly("4010", "4020", "4030", "4040", "4050", "4060", "4070", "4080");
         assertThat(queryStrings(schema,
                 "SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables " +
                         "WHERE table_schema = current_schema() AND table_name IN (" +
@@ -261,6 +261,261 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
                 .hasMessageContaining("education_school.region_id");
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void shouldCreateDraftFirstQuestionLifecycleSchema() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("question_lifecycle");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate();
+
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema, """
+                SELECT column_default
+                  FROM information_schema.columns
+                 WHERE table_schema = current_schema()
+                   AND table_name = 'education_question'
+                   AND column_name IN ('status', 'is_published')
+                 ORDER BY column_name
+                """))
+                .containsExactly("false", "'DRAFT'::character varying");
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema, """
+                SELECT table_name
+                  FROM information_schema.tables
+                 WHERE table_schema = current_schema()
+                   AND table_name IN (
+                       'education_question_version',
+                       'education_question_lifecycle_audit')
+                 ORDER BY table_name
+                """))
+                .containsExactly(
+                        "education_question_lifecycle_audit",
+                        "education_question_version");
+
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (100, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Draft question', 'fill', '[]');
+                INSERT INTO education_question_version
+                    (tenant_id, scope, question_id, version_number, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 100, 1, 'Draft question', 'fill', '[]');
+                """);
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema,
+                "SELECT status || ':' || is_published FROM education_question WHERE id = 100"))
+                .containsExactly("DRAFT:false");
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options, status, is_published)
+                VALUES (10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Bypass draft', 'fill', '[]', 'PUBLISHED', true);
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("new questions must start in DRAFT");
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question_lifecycle_audit
+                    (tenant_id, question_id, content_version, actor_id, from_status, to_status)
+                VALUES (10, 100, 1, 7, 'DRAFT', 'PUBLISHED');
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question lifecycle audit must accompany its state transition");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question
+                   SET status = 'ARCHIVED', is_published = false
+                 WHERE id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("invalid question lifecycle transition");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question_version SET stem = 'mutated' WHERE question_id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question versions are immutable");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question SET stem = 'mutated projection' WHERE id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question content must change through immutable versions");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question
+                   SET status = 'PUBLISHED', is_published = true
+                 WHERE id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question lifecycle transition requires transactional audit");
+
+        execute(schema, """
+                DO $lifecycle$
+                BEGIN
+                    UPDATE education_question
+                       SET status = 'PUBLISHED', is_published = true
+                     WHERE id = 100;
+                    INSERT INTO education_question_lifecycle_audit
+                        (tenant_id, question_id, content_version, actor_id, from_status, to_status)
+                    VALUES (10, 100, 1, 7, 'DRAFT', 'PUBLISHED');
+                END
+                $lifecycle$;
+                """);
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema,
+                "SELECT status || ':' || is_published FROM education_question WHERE id = 100"))
+                .containsExactly("PUBLISHED:true");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question_lifecycle_audit SET actor_id = 8 WHERE question_id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question lifecycle audit is append-only");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                DELETE FROM education_question_lifecycle_audit WHERE question_id = 100;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question lifecycle audit is append-only");
+
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (200, 0, 'PUBLIC', 'Public draft', 'fill', '[]');
+                INSERT INTO education_question_version
+                    (tenant_id, scope, question_id, version_number, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (0, 'PUBLIC', 200, 1, 'Public draft', 'fill', '[]');
+                """);
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                UPDATE education_question
+                   SET status = 'PUBLISHED', is_published = true
+                 WHERE id = 200;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("PUBLIC question lifecycle is not managed by tenant authoring");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question_version
+                    (tenant_id, scope, question_id, version_number, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 200, 2, 'Wrong owner', 'fill', '[]');
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question version ownership must equal question ownership");
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question_version
+                    (tenant_id, scope, question_id, version_number, stem, type, options)
+                VALUES (0, 'PUBLIC', 100, 2, 'Wrong owner', 'fill', '[]');
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question version ownership must equal question ownership");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldNormalizeHistoricalQuestionVisibilityIntoLifecycleStates() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("question_history");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options, correct_answer, status, is_published)
+                VALUES (101, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Published', 'fill', '[]', 'ok', 'PUBLISHED', true),
+                       (102, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Hidden', 'fill', '[]', NULL, 'HIDDEN', true),
+                       (103, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Inactive', 'fill', '[]', NULL, 'INACTIVE', false),
+                       (104, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'False publication', 'fill', '[]', NULL, 'PUBLISHED', false),
+                       (105, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Draft', 'fill', '[]', NULL, 'DRAFT', true);
+                """);
+
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate();
+
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema, """
+                SELECT id || ':' || status || ':' || is_published
+                  FROM education_question
+                 ORDER BY id
+                """))
+                .containsExactly(
+                        "101:PUBLISHED:true",
+                        "102:ARCHIVED:false",
+                        "103:ARCHIVED:false",
+                        "104:ARCHIVED:false",
+                        "105:DRAFT:false");
+        assertThat(queryLong(schema, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM education_question_version"))
+                .isEqualTo(5L);
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> execute(schema, """
+                DO $late_audit$
+                BEGIN
+                    UPDATE education_question SET updater = updater WHERE id = 101;
+                    INSERT INTO education_question_lifecycle_audit
+                        (tenant_id, question_id, content_version, actor_id, from_status, to_status)
+                    VALUES (10, 101, 1, 7, 'DRAFT', 'PUBLISHED');
+                END
+                $late_audit$;
+                """))
+                .hasMessageContaining("question lifecycle audit must accompany its state transition");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFailClosedForUnsafeHistoricalPublishedQuestion() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("unsafe_question_history");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options, correct_answer, status, is_published)
+                VALUES (101, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Unsafe published', 'choice',
+                        '[{"label":"A","content":"One","order":1},{"label":"B","content":"Two","order":2}]',
+                        'Z', 'PUBLISHED', true);
+                """);
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate())
+                .hasMessageContaining("unsafe historical published question 101 blocks V4080");
+        assertThat(queryLong(schema,
+                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM flyway_schema_history WHERE version = '4080' AND success = TRUE"))
+                .isZero();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFailClosedForHistoricalTrimmedDuplicateOptionLabel() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("unsafe_trimmed_option_label");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options, correct_answer, status, is_published)
+                VALUES (101, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Unsafe labels', 'choice',
+                        '[{"label":"A","content":"One","order":1},{"label":" A ","content":"Two","order":2}]',
+                        'A', 'PUBLISHED', true);
+                """);
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate())
+                .hasMessageContaining("unsafe historical published question 101 blocks V4080");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFailClosedForHistoricalDuplicateOptionOrder() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("unsafe_duplicate_option_order");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO education_question
+                    (id, tenant_id, scope, stem, type, options, correct_answer, status, is_published)
+                VALUES (101, 10, 'TENANT_OWNED', 'Unsafe order', 'choice',
+                        '[{"label":"A","content":"One","order":1},{"label":"B","content":"Two","order":1.0}]',
+                        'A', 'PUBLISHED', true);
+                """);
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate())
+                .hasMessageContaining("unsafe historical published question 101 blocks V4080");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldProvisionAssignableSystemRbacPermissionsWhenPlatformMenuExists() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("question_permissions");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        createSystemMenuFixture(schema);
+
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate();
+
+        assertThat(queryStrings(schema, """
+                SELECT permission
+                  FROM system_menu
+                 WHERE id BETWEEN 6801 AND 6804
+                 ORDER BY id
+                """))
+                .containsExactly(
+                        "education:capability",
+                        "education:question:author",
+                        "education:question:publish",
+                        "education:question:archive");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFailClosedWhenEducationPermissionSeedIsSoftDeleted() throws SQLException {
+        String schema = createSchema("question_permission_conflict");
+        configureFlyway(schema, false).target("4070").load().migrate();
+        createSystemMenuFixture(schema);
+        execute(schema, """
+                INSERT INTO system_menu
+                    (id, name, permission, type, sort, parent_id, status, deleted)
+                VALUES (6802, 'Deleted author permission', 'education:question:author',
+                        3, 2, 6800, 0, 1);
+                """);
+
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> configureFlyway(schema, false).load().migrate())
+                .hasMessageContaining("Education System RBAC seed IDs conflict");
+    }
+
     @Test
     void shouldAttachGraphGuardToEveryCatalogReference() throws SQLException {
         String schema = createSchema("catalog_triggers");
@@ -305,6 +560,8 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
                     ('education_question_collection_question', 'trg_education_qcq_collection_reference_scope',
                      'collection_id|education_question_collection|'),
                     ('education_question_collection_question', 'trg_education_qcq_question_reference_scope',
+                     'question_id|education_question|'),
+                    ('education_question_version', 'trg_education_question_version_reference_scope',
                      'question_id|education_question|')
                 )
                 SELECT COUNT(*)
@@ -324,7 +581,7 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
                  WHERE replace(encode(trigger.tgargs, 'escape'), $$\\000$$, '|') =
                        expected.trigger_arguments
                 """))
-                .isEqualTo(19L);
+                .isEqualTo(20L);
         assertThat(queryLong(schema, """
                 SELECT COUNT(*)
                   FROM pg_trigger trigger
@@ -334,14 +591,22 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
                    AND trigger.tgname LIKE 'trg_education_%_scope_immutable'
                    AND NOT trigger.tgisinternal
                 """))
-                .isEqualTo(11L);
+                .isEqualTo(12L);
         assertThat(queryLong(schema, """
                 SELECT COUNT(*)
                   FROM information_schema.routine_privileges
                  WHERE specific_schema = current_schema()
                    AND routine_name IN (
                        'education_check_reference_scope',
-                       'education_prevent_catalog_scope_change')
+                       'education_prevent_catalog_scope_change',
+                       'education_prevent_question_version_mutation',
+                       'education_enforce_question_lifecycle_transition',
+                       'education_prevent_question_lifecycle_audit_mutation',
+                       'education_prevent_question_content_projection_mutation',
+                       'education_require_question_lifecycle_audit',
+                       'education_check_question_version_ownership',
+                       'education_validate_question_lifecycle_audit_insert',
+                       'education_question_answer_key_is_valid')
                    AND grantee = 'PUBLIC'
                    AND privilege_type = 'EXECUTE'
                 """))
@@ -405,6 +670,32 @@ class EducationFlywayMigrationIntegrationTest {
                 .isZero();
     }
 
+    private void createSystemMenuFixture(String schema) throws SQLException {
+        execute(schema, """
+                CREATE TABLE system_menu (
+                    id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
+                    name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
+                    permission VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                    type SMALLINT NOT NULL,
+                    sort INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+                    parent_id BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+                    path VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT '',
+                    icon VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT '#',
+                    component VARCHAR(255),
+                    component_name VARCHAR(255),
+                    status SMALLINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+                    visible BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+                    keep_alive BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+                    always_show BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true,
+                    creator VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+                    create_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+                    updater VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
+                    update_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+                    deleted SMALLINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
+                );
+                """);
+    }
+
     private void createCompatibleManualPracticeFixture(String schema) throws SQLException {
         execute(schema, """
                 CREATE TABLE education_practice_session (
diff --git a/yudao-module-education/src/test/resources/sql/postgresql/clean.sql b/yudao-module-education/src/test/resources/sql/postgresql/clean.sql
index b0af84fe..00f5ccaf 100644
--- a/yudao-module-education/src/test/resources/sql/postgresql/clean.sql
+++ b/yudao-module-education/src/test/resources/sql/postgresql/clean.sql
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 -- PostgreSQL persistence test cleanup.
 -- Module-owned Flyway creates the disposable schema; this only isolates test data.
 TRUNCATE TABLE
+    education_question_lifecycle_transition_token,
+    education_question_lifecycle_audit,
+    education_question_version,
+    education_question,
     education_idempotency,
     education_favorite,
     education_wrong_question_idempotency,